Thursday, December 13, 2018

Bridging the Gap Between Science and Government

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Julia Piper
December 9, 2018

Research universities rely on government agencies for funding, but the latest word on those agencies’ science policies doesn’t reach campuses instantly. That’s why a few universities have created senior leadership roles dedicated to communicating between Capitol Hill and campus research laboratories. "You can’t really have a loud bell go off and have everybody change their behavior across the country" in response to new policy directions, says Keith Yamamoto, who three years ago became the University of California at San Francisco’s first vice chancellor for science policy and strategy.

His job faces both outward and inward, he says. "The outward-facing is to make our voice heard in Washington and other circles where science policy is set and shaped." The inward-facing part "is to be able to help craft policies on the campus that best move us toward our mission and goals."

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Wednesday, December 12, 2018

What These Medical Journals Don’t Reveal: Top Doctors’ Ties to Industry

The New York Times
Charles Ornstein and Katie Thomas
December 8, 2018

One is dean of Yale’s medical school. Another is the director of a cancer center in Texas. A third is the next president of the most prominent society of cancer doctors.


These leading medical figures are among dozens of doctors who have failed in recent years to report their financial relationships with pharmaceutical and health care companies when their studies are published in medical journals, according to a review by The New York Times and ProPublica and data from other recent research.

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Tuesday, December 11, 2018

NIH: Notice of Fiscal Policies in Effect for FY 2019

National Institutes of Health
Notice Number: NOT-OD-19-031
November 27, 2018

This Notice provides guidance about the NIH Fiscal Operations for FY 2019 and implements The Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Public Law 115-245), signed into law on September 28, 2018.With the passage of the Act, NIH received a 5.6 percent increase over the FY 2018 final funding level, for a total of $39.3 billion in program level funding, including $711,000,000 authorized under the 21st Century Cures Act and specific increases for Alzheimer’s disease, the All of Us Research Program, and the BRAIN Initiative.


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Monday, December 10, 2018

Companion Guidelines on Replication & Reproducibility in Education Research

The National Science Foundation and Institute of Education Sciences
November 28, 2018

The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) jointly issued the Common Guidelines for Education Research and Development in 2013 to describe “shared understandings of the roles of various types of ‘genres’ of research in generating evidence about strategies and interventions for increasing student learning” (IES and NSF, 2013: 7). In the intervening period, the education research community and federal policymakers have been increasingly attentive to the role of, and factors that promote and inhibit, replication and reproducibility of research.

In order to build a coherent body of work to inform evidence-based decision making, there is a need to increase the visibility and value of reproducibility and replication studies among education research stakeholders. The purpose of this companion to the Common Guidelines is to highlight the importance of these studies and provide crossagency guidance on the steps investigators are encouraged to take to promote corroboration, ensure the integrity of education research, and extend the evidence base. 

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Thursday, November 15, 2018

Peer Review: The Worst Way to Judge Research, Except for All the Others

The New York Times
Aaron E. Carroll
November 5, 2018

Even before the recent news that a group of researchers managed to get several ridiculous fake studies published in reputable academic journals, people have been aware of problems with peer review.

Throwing out the system — which deems whether research is robust and worth being published — would do more harm than good. But it makes sense to be aware of peer review’s potential weaknesses.

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Thursday, November 1, 2018

Omidyar Network Announces New Approach, Spins Off Initiatives

Philanthropy News Digest
October 24, 2018

To better address emerging issues in a society altered by shocks to its economic, political, and technological systems, Omidyar Network has announced significant changes to its focus areas, approach, and initiatives.

In a blog post, Omidyar Network managing partner Mike Kubzansky outlined three principal changes. First, ON will focus on a core set of pressing, difficult, and deeper issues that have emerged across four areas — reimagining capitalism; promoting the beneficial use of technology; building bridges in a pluralistic world; and fostering individual capabilities and empowerment. 
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Tuesday, October 16, 2018

A Data Sharing Renaissance: Music to My Ears!

Open Mike: The NIH Extramural Nexus
Carrie Wolinetz
October 11, 2018

When world famous cellist, Yo-Yo Ma, visited the NIH campus, he shared a story from the history of music, in which the peak of stringed instrument quality occurred in the late 17th century at a time of great collaboration and sharing of knowledge. When instrument makers began to compete, all of that changed: secrets of craftsmanship were held close and the quality of instruments plummeted. This decline lasted, according to Ma, until the 20th century, when again the free-flow of knowledge resumed. NIH Director Francis Collins noted, “There’s a lesson here about science.”

Data sharing is important. It is critical to continued progress in science, to maximize our investment in research, and to ensure the highest levels of transparency and rigor in science. But data sharing is a means to an end, not itself an end goal and, as such, needs to be done thoughtfully, in a way that fulfills the vision and mission of NIH and continues the advancement of treatments for disease and improvement of human health. NIH has long been on the forefront of making access to the results of our research accessible and has described our vision for expanding access to publications and data both in the 2015 NIH Plan for Increasing Access to Scientific Publications and Digital Scientific and in the 2018 Strategic Plan for Data Science.
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Friday, October 12, 2018

We Are All Research Subjects Now

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Sarah E. Igo
October 7, 2018


This spring, with some fanfare, Facebook and the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) announced that they would team up for a novel research collaboration. The unusual partnership has been greeted with equal parts praise and criticism. What seems undeniable, however, is what the project represents: the first outlines of a 21st-century social-research complex shaped more by big data than conventional data sets, and by corporate rather than public backing. Given its evident importance, those leading the effort will need to resist a reflexive retreat to old frameworks for ethical inquiry even as they venture into new territory.

While many of the specifics are still being hammered out, the joint SSRC-Facebook Social Data Initiative marks the first time that the social-media giant has agreed to release large amounts of proprietary data to outside scholars. Under the umbrella of the initiative’s "Social Media and Democracy" program, the recipients will in the first instance be academics analyzing issues of immediate import: the impact of social media on elections and politics around the globe.
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Tuesday, October 9, 2018

How Academic Corruption Works

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Lawrence Lessig
October 7, 2018

In the spring of 2008, I was asked to testify before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation about network neutrality. I had testified before the same committee on the same subject six years before. But now the issue was central in a presidential campaign, and interest had become much more focused.

As I sat at the hearing table, waiting for my chance to speak, I received a message from Sen. John Sununu, Republican of New Hampshire: "You shouldn’t be shilling," the message scolded me, "for big internet companies." I was stunned as I realized that Sununu thought I was being paid to give testimony. And then I recognized that of course he thought I was being paid. Practically everyone in my field now gets paid to give public testimony. ("Practically," but not everyone, and certainly not me.) 
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Tuesday, October 2, 2018

How Much Does Publishing in Top Journals Boost Tenure Prospects? In Economics, a Lot

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Audrey Williams June
October 1, 2018

For academics on the tenure track, the pressure to publish at all costs and in the top journals in their field is immense. That’s because meeting that professional standard matters — a lot.
How much does it matter for academic economists? A new working paper by James J. Heckman, a Nobel laureate and economist, and Sidharth Moktan, a predoctoral fellow, provides a look. Both are at the University of Chicago.
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Monday, September 24, 2018

‘Journalologists’ Use Scientific Methods to Study Academic Publishing. Is Their Work Improving Science?

Science
Jennifer Couzin-Frankel
September 19, 2018

They came to Chicago from across medicine and around the world, converging on a dingy downtown hotel to witness the birth of a new field. It was a chilly May week in 1989. Guests muttered about clogged bathtubs and taps that ran cold, while a bushy-bearded Drummond Rennie, a deputy editor of The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), hurried the crowd away from morning bagels and coffee and into the meeting hall.

A British nephrologist who scaled mountain peaks in his spare time, Rennie had moved to a Chicago hospital from London in 1967. But while studying how the thin oxygen of high altitudes affects the kidneys, he became interested in the world of scientific publishing. Curious about how scientists report their work and how editors make their decisions, Rennie took a job at The New England Journal of Medicine in 1977, and later switched to JAMA.
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Tuesday, September 18, 2018

Development Impact Bond Launched to Improve Education in India

Philanthropy News Digest
September 14, 2018

The British Asian Trust, the Michael & Susan Dell Foundation, the UBS Optimus Foundation, and Tata Trusts, together with Comic Relief, the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Mittal Foundation, and British Telecom, have launched a development impact bond in support of quality education in India.
The largest education development impact bond to date has raised $11 million in its first phase and, if successful, will support efforts to improve literacy and numeracy skills for more than three hundred thousand children. Beneficiaries of the bond were selected for their diverse and proven interventions and include Gyan Shala, which works with poor rural and urban slum children; the Kaivalya Education Foundation, a Piramal initiative that works to strengthen education and youth leadership; and the Society for All Round Development, which will work within the DIB mechanism to improve learning outcomes for thousands of children.
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Thursday, June 21, 2018

The Chronicle of Higher Education
David D. Perlmutter
June 17, 2018

Professors always believe their own fields are central and vital to education — and to life. So I can be forgiven for pointing out that a great deal of evidence supports the idea that superior communicators succeed disproportionately in every profession. For example, when Google identified the "eight habits" of its best managers, the first seven were communications skills. Only the eighth was technical knowledge.

Communication skills are no less vital for academic leaders, given how much time we spend building consensus and gaining genuine support. But it’s not just a matter of possessing robust skills. You also need the situational awareness and flexibility to know which communication skills work in different settings and with diverse audiences.

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Tuesday, June 19, 2018

In the Lab, Failure Is Part of the Job Description

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Alexander C. Kafka
June 15, 2018

Jay Van Bavel is a highly successful research psychologist at New York University, but he also likes junior colleagues to know about his crummy first year as an assistant professor, when he had 10 papers and three grant proposals rejected, and zero papers published.

Make no mistake, over all, he has kicked scholarly butt. Now an associate professor, he is also affiliated with NYU’s Stern School of Business, has published more than 60 papers, and won prestigious academic awards and a wide range of grants.

Read More...

Wednesday, June 6, 2018

NIH Releases Strategic Plan for Data Science

NIH Office of Science Policy News
June 5, 2018

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) today released its first ever Strategic Plan for Data Science to capitalize on the opportunities presented by advances in data science.  The plan describes NIH’s overarching goals, strategic objectives, and implementation tactics for promoting the modernization of the NIH-funded biomedical data science ecosystem. NIH is grateful for the input from the community and the public received from the Request for Information, which was incorporated into the final plan.  

Over the course of the next year, NIH will begin implementing its strategy, with some elements of the plan already underway. NIH will continue to seek community input during the implementation phase.  We know that we share a common interest with you in maximizing the value of data generated through NIH-funded efforts to accelerate the pace of biomedical discoveries and medical breakthroughs for better health outcomes. 

This announcement was circulated via the NIHOSP email list.

Tuesday, June 5, 2018

Gates Foundation Launches $68 Million Global Education Initiative

Philanthropy News Digest
June 5, 2018

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has announced a four-year, $68 million initiative aimed at providing education systems with better information, evidence, tools, and approaches to improve teaching and learning.

Through its Global Education Learning Strategy, the foundation will work with partners at the global and country levels in India and sub-Saharan Africa to develop new education tools and approaches, with an emphasis on foundational learning  such as reading and mathematics in primary grades. At the global level, the foundation will support efforts to make data about learning outcomes comparable so that progress can be tracked over time. And at the country level it will work with partners to better diagnose the root causes of poor performance and help develop approaches that are best suited to address their specific circumstances. The foundation also will work with partners to identify and apply evidence-based strategies and tools that support quality teaching and student learning.

Friday, May 4, 2018

The Issue that Keeps Us Awake at Night

NIH Extramural Nexus: Open Mike Blog
Mike Lauer
May 4, 2018

The most important resource for the successful future of biomedical research is not buildings, instruments, or new technologies – it’s the scientists doing the work. But by now, it’s no longer news that biomedical researchers are stressed – stressed by a hypercompetitive environment that’s particularly destructive for early- and mid-career investigators. But those are the researchers who, if we don’t lose them, will comprise the next generation of leaders and visionaries. Almost 10 years ago, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) took steps to improve funding opportunities for “early stage investigators”, those who were 10 years or less from their terminal research degree or clinical training. Those steps helped, but many stakeholders have concluded that more is needed. Stakeholders include members of Congress, who included a “Next Generation Researchers’ Initiative” (NGRI) in the 2016 21st Century Cures Act. This act asked NIH to support a comprehensive study by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) on policies affecting the next generation of researchers and to take into consideration the recommendations made in their report. The National Academy began their study in early 2017 and completed it in April 2018. The NIH has initiated steps to fund more early stage investigators to improve opportunities for stable funding among investigators who, while funded, were still beset by unstable prospects. The NIH also convened a special Advisory Committee to the Director (ACD) Working Group, focused on the Next Generation Researchers Initiative (NGRI) with members included from all career stages – from a graduate student through senior faculty.

Thursday, April 12, 2018

Philanthropic Sector Evolving Under Trump Administration, Study Finds

Philanthropy News Digest
April 12, 2018

The flexibility, nimbleness, and willingness to collaborate demonstrated by the philanthropic sector over the past year in response to a rapidly changing policy environment could serve as a model for the sector going forward, a report from the TCC Group finds.
Based on interviews with nearly thirty leaders of philanthropy-serving organizations (PSOs), the report, (Un)precedented: Philanthropy Takes Action in the First Year of a New Political Reality, found that in the first year of the Trump administration, PSOs and funder collaboratives were called on to keep funders well informed of policy changes. To that end, PSOs have played a critical role in enabling funder learning, dialogue, and action, and have helped accelerate important funder conversations in the areas of diversity, equity, and inclusion; the need to think beyond issue silos; and the foundational benefits of creating space for dialogue across political and ideological divides through nonpartisan civic engagement.

Thursday, April 5, 2018

There’s No I In Team: Assessing Impact of Teams Receiving NIH Funding

NIH Extramural Nexus
Mike Lauer
April 5, 2018


Almost 11 years ago, Stefan Duchy, Benjamin Jones, and Brian Uzzi (all of Northwestern University) published an article in Science on "The Increasing Dominance of Team in Production of Knowledge." They analyzed nearly 20 million papers published over 5 decades and 2.1 million patents and found that across all fields the number of authors per paper (or patent) steadily increased, that teams were coming to dominate individual efforts, and that teams produced more highly cited research.

In a Science review paper published a few weeks ago, Santo Fortunato and colleagues offered an overview of the "Science of Science." One of their key messages was that “Research is shifting to teams, so engaging in collaboration is beneficial.”

Thursday, March 15, 2018

Peer Review in Flux

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Paul Basken
March 4, 2018

Beaten down by technological change and economic pressures, the long-held notion of scientific peer review is losing its status as the "gold standard" measure of scholarly reliability.

The problem facing universities in 2018, however, isn’t so much that peer review has inevitably evolved, but that scientists collectively have failed to respond with a better replacement.

Wednesday, March 14, 2018

FY 2017 By the Numbers

Open Mike Blog
Mike Lauer
March 7, 2018

We recently released our annual web reportssuccess rates and NIH Data Book with updated numbers for fiscal year 2017. Looking at data across both competing and non-competing awards, NIH supports approximately 2,500 organizations.  In 2017 about 640 of these organizations received funding for competing Research Project Grants (RPGs) which involved over 11,000 principal investigators.
The average size of RPGs increased by over 4%, from $499,221 in FY 2016 to $520,429 in FY 2017. Similarly, in FY 2017 the average size of R01-equivalent awards increased from $458,287 to $482,395 (by over 5%).

Thursday, March 8, 2018

Gates Foundation Launches $170 Million Gender Equality Initiative

Philanthropy News Digest
March 6, 2018


The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has announced a $170 million initiative to advance gender equality globally through the economic empowerment of women.
Over the next four years, the foundation's new Gender Equality strategy will focus on connecting women to market opportunities, ensuring that they have access to financial services, and supporting peer groups that build women's collective knowledge, economic power, and voice. Economic power is one of the most promising entry points for gender equality, Gates Foundation co-chair Melinda Gates argues in a post on Quartz. In the post, Gates notes that while fully a third of married women in the poorest countries have no control over household finances, those who do are far more likely than men to spend money on nutritious food, health care, and education; and that when women gain access to a bank account, they work outside the home more, which not only increases their income but changes men's perception of them.

Wednesday, March 7, 2018

How to Protect Your College’s Research From Undue Corporate Influence

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Paul Basken
February 25, 2018

The upsides of research ties between companies and universities are legendary. Silicon Valley, Route 128, Research Triangle, and their numerous superstar companies with academic roots are leading examples. Annual benefits are now measured in the billions of dollars, thousands of patents, and hundreds of start-up companies.
But corporate bias is a known risk to scientific integrity. And as universities find themselves increasingly enticed by governmental budget cuts to court industry dollars, their eagerness for private-sector partners appears to be outpacing their willingness to set firm rules on ethical boundaries and to investigate when things go wrong.

Tuesday, February 20, 2018

10 Tips for Successful Grant Writing

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Lisa Chasan-Taber
February 14, 2018

When professors advise early-career academics on grant writing, we often focus on the common mistakes and pitfalls. But up-and-coming researchers don’t just need advice on what not to do.

They need to know what goes into a successful grant proposal, too. I have some suggestions on that front — that I have gleaned from teaching grant writing for 20 years, and being continually funded by the National Institutes of Health as a principal investigator. Here, then, are my top 10 tips on how to draft a grant proposal that has the best odds of getting funded.

Friday, January 26, 2018

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for Public Access

NSF 18-041
January 26, 2018


This new notice presents FAQs on public access, including general information on NSF's public access policy and information specifically relevant to principal investigators.

Friday, January 5, 2018

How Facebook Stymies Social Science

The Chronicle of Higher Education
Henry Farrell
January 5, 2018

What exactly was the extent of Russian meddling in the 2016 election campaign? How widespread was its infiltration of social media? And how much influence did its propaganda have on public opinion and voter behavior?

Scholars are only now starting to tackle those questions. But to answer them, academics need data — and getting that data has been a problem.